Mwave Modem Help

Overview of the Mwave Modem

Starting and Stopping the Modem

AT Command Summary

S-Register Summary

Hints and Tips for Improved Performance

Modem: Messages and Codes

Modem User Interface: User Error Messages

Modem User Interface: Status Indicators


Overview of the Mwave Modem

The Mwave Adapter supports direct attachment to the public switched telephone network and supports US and Canadian telephony. The Mwave modem supports the standard COM port interface and can be used with any communications software package that uses the Hayes AT** command set.

The Mwave data modem provides the following features:

-Standard asynchronous COM port interface (NS16550A UART compatible) operation

-Bell103/212A,CCITTV.21/V.22, V.22bis protocols with data from 50 to 2400 bps

-CCITTV.32 protocols with data rates of 4800, 9600 uncoded, and 9600 bps Trellis coded

-CCITTV.32bis protocols with data rates of 4800, 7200, 9600, 12000, and 14400 bps

-Hayes AT command set compatibility

-Call progress monitor

-Autodial

-DTMF and Pulse dialing

-Asynchronous error recovery protocol

-Error correction via Microcom Network Protocol (MNP**) classes 14

-MNP** class 5 for up to 2x data compression

-Functional upgrades via software

Using the Mwave Data Modem

The Mwave data modem can be used with your communications program(s) or with the Windows** terminal emulator to access your favorite bulletin board or online system (Prodigy**,Compuserve**, America Online**, etc.).  To these programs it appears to be simply another modem. Such communications programs don't usually know whether the modem is internal or external, or in the case of an external modem whether the modem is even powered on. They are dependent on you, the user, to turn the modem on and inform them in some manner what communications port identification (COM1, COM2, etc.) they should use to access the modem.

The same thing is true when using your Mwave data modem. You have to "turn on the modem" and you have to tell your communications program what port address to use to access your modem.  Your Mwave modem can be either communications port COM1, COM2, COM3 or COM4. Some boards only support communications ports 1 and 2. During installation of your Mwave adapter, you chose to either leave it at the factory setting (either COM2 or COM4 depending on which board you have) or change it to another COM port. Identify your choice to the communications program(s) you plan to use with your Mwave modem; this is generally is something you will only need to do during installation.

Modem Considerations

Your Mwave modem can operate at speeds from 50 bps to 14400 bps (future software upgrades will allow faster operation). At the same time your modem is operating, the digital signal processor (DSP), the heart of your modem, on the Mwave adapter can also be doing other things, such as playing or recording sound WAV files. However, each task that runs on the Mwave DSP consumes some of its finite resources, such as the number of instructions it can execute in a given period of time, so these tasks contend for those DSP resources. The more complex the task, the more resources used. For instance, the modem running at 14400 bps uses many more instructions per second than when it runs at 2400 bps.

This subject is important because you have to decide what you want to do with your Mwave adapter at any particular time. Sometimes you will want to upload or download files with the shortest amount of connect time and really need the speed of a 14400 bps modem.  At other times you can operate satisfactorily at 2400 bps when reading notes on a bulletin board and listening to the lastest release on compact disc from your favorite group.


Starting and Stopping the Modem

Before you launch (or start) your communications program, you should START your modem. The following steps guide you through that process. The following assumptions are made during this discussion:

Windows** is active.

The Mwave Program Group is visible on your Windows** desktop.

You are familiar with using Windows.**

Starting Your Modem

1. With the Mwave program group visible, locate the following icons:

2. Determine the maximum bit rate (2400, 9600, 14400) that you need and select the corresponding modem icon with your mouse and doubleclick the left mouse button.

3. You should see a Modem Status Box similar to the following:

4. Your modem is now started and ready to use with your communications program(s). You may minimize the MODEM window now but DO NOT CLOSE it. This is effectively the same as turning it off and you will then get errors as you attempt to use the communications program.

Modem Help

The modem Help screens provide information about the Mwave modem and it various modes of operation.

Stopping Your Modem

When you are through using the communications program you may want to turn off your modem so all the DSP resources it is occupying will be available for other functions. To turn off the modem, simply double-click the system icon located in the upper left hand corner of the Modem Status Box.


Issuing AT Commands

After you have started the Mwave Modem by double-clicking the appropriate Icon, it enters the "command state." It is then ready to accept AT commands. The modem returns to "command" state whenever a connection is broken. This would be the case when the other end hangs up of you issue an ATH0 command.

When a "D" (Dial) or "A" (Answer) command is processed, the modem enters the "online" state. When in this state, all characters sent to the modem are transmitted to the computer at the other end of the phone line.

If you need to issue AT commands while in the "online" state, you can enter the sequence "+++". Your modem will respond with "OK" and you may enter AT commands. The connection remains intact, but you are in "command" state. To go back to "online" state, enter "ATO."


Command Syntax Overview

For each AT command, a syntax description will be given. In that description, the following conventions are used.

The command prefix is "AT". This is distinct from the command itself.

An ellipsis, "...", may be replaced by any valid command or command sequence.

"[CR]" is a carriage return.

A bold face "n", n, represents a numeric value. A table will follow the syntax description indicating valid values for "n".


AT Command Summary

Issuing AT Commands

Command Syntax Overview

A: Answer

B: Select Standard

C: Carrier Control

D: Dial

E: Echo

F: On-Line Echo

H: Hook Control

I: Info Request

L: Speaker Volume

M: Speaker Control

O: Online

P: Pulse Dial

Q: Quiet

S: Select

T: Tone Dial

V: Verbose Response

X: Extended Results

Y: Space Disconnect

Z: Software Reset

,:  Wait

=:  Set Register

?:  Query Register

&C: Carrier Detect

&D: DTR Options

&F: Factory Defaults

&G: Guard Tone

&L: Leased Line Mode

&M: Comm Mode

&N: Force Speed

&P: Pulse Ratio

&Q: Comm Mode

&S: DSR Options

&U: Enable Trellis Coding

&V: View Active Configuration and User Profiles

&W: Write Configuration

&Y: Select Stored Profile on Powerup

&Z: Store Number

\A: MNP** Block Size

\B: Send Break

\K: Break Control

\L: MNP** Data Mode

\N: V.42 and MNP** Negotiation Behavior

\Q: Set DTE Flow Control

\T: Set Timer

\V: MNP** Result Codes

%A: Define Fallback Character

%C: MNP** Compression Control

%E: Fast Rate Regotiation Control

"H: V.42bis Compression Control

"N: V.42bis Dictionary Size

"O: V.42bis Maximum String Length


A - Answer Command
A	Answer

The A command causes the Mwave Modem to begin the answer process.

Syntax: AT...A [CR]


B - Select Standard Command
B	Select Standard

Selects the communication standard (CCITT or BELL) used by the Mwave Modem at 1200bps or below.

Syntax: AT...Bn...[CR]

n	Usage

0,NULL	CCITT standard

1	Bell standard


C: Carrier Control
C	Carrier Control

The C command enables the transmit carrier.

Syntax:  AT...C1...[CR]


D: Dial
D	Dial

The D command causes the Mwave Modem to enter the dialing state. The parenthesis, hyphen, and space characters may be added to the dialed number for clarity.  Any other characters following the D command that are not dial modifiers cause a command error.

Syntax:	AT...D {dial modifiers}[CR]

AT...D {dial modifiers};...[CR]

Dial Modifiers	Usage

0-9	Numeric dialing digits

A-Z	Alpha dialing digits

# *	Special dialing digits

P	Pulse dial

R	Force answer mode

S=n	Dial stored number n, where n=0-3.

T	DTMF dial

W	Wait for dial tone

,	Wait for time specified in register S8

!	Perform hook flash

@	Wait for quiet answer

;	Return to command state


E: Echo
E	Echo

The E command turns the command echoing ON and OFF.

Syntax: AT...En...[CR]

n	Usage

0,NULL	Turns command echoing off.

1	Turns command echoing on.


F: On-line Echo
F	On-line Echo

The F command control is used by some modems to determine whether characters are echoed to the DTE (i.e. the PC) while the modem is in the on-line state. Mwave modems do not support the F0 option. However, because the F command may be issued by older communications software, F1 is supported to assure backwards compatibility.

Syntax: AT...F1...[CR]

n	Usage

0,NULL	On-line character echo enabled. Not supported, returns "ERROR".

1	On-line character echo disabled. Only allowable value.


H: Hook Control
H	Hook Control

The H command causes the modem to take the line on-hook or offhook.

Syntax: AT...Hn...[CR]

n	Usage

0,NULL	Places the line on-hook (hangs up) and causes a transition to the off-line command state.

1	Takes the line off-hook and turns on the speaker control if enabled.


I: Info Request
I	Info Request

The I command presents modem identification information.

Syntax: AT...In...[CR]

n	Usage

0,NULL	Returns: "Mwave Modem x.xx" where "x.xx" is the version of the modem.

1	Returns: "OK"

2	Verifies that the correct modem files are installed.

Returns "OK" if all file versions are correct.

Returns the names of the incorrect file(s) if any are incorrect.

3	Returns the version number of the installed modem files.

4	Returns the modem capabilities string: 'a004080C014000'


L: Speaker Volume
L	Speaker Volume

The L command controls the volume of the speaker output.

Syntax: AT...Ln...[CR]

n	Usage

0, NULL	Sets the speaker volume to the minimum level.

1	Sets the speaker volume to a low level.

2	Sets the speaker volume to a medium level.

3	Sets the speaker volume to a high level.

Note: The speaker volume can also be set from the "Actions" pull down on the modem dialog box.


M: Speaker Control
M	Speaker Control

The M command controls the operation of the speaker.

Syntax: AT...Mn...[CR]

n	Usage

0,NULL	Sets the speaker off.

1	Sets the speaker on until the data carrier is present during the handshaking mode.  Then it is turned off.

2	Sets the speaker always on, even after the data carrier is present.

3	Sets the speaker off during dialing and then on until the data carrier is detected.


O: Online
O	Online

The O command causes the modem to return to the on-line state for a previously established connection.

Syntax:  AT...On[CR]

n	Usage

0,NULL	Causes the modem to return to the on-line state.


P: Pulse Dial
P	Pulse Dial

The P command causes the modem to use pulse dialing for all subsequent numbers.

Syntax: AT...P[CR]


Q: Quiet
Q	Quiet

The Q command controls the result codes generated by the modem.

Syntax: AT...Qn...[CR]

n	Usage

0,NULL	Enables result codes.

1	Disables result codes.


S: Select Register
S	Select Register

The S command selects one of the modem internal registers for future operations. Also see the S-Register Settings chapter, the = command and the ?command.

Syntax:	AT...S...[CR]

AT...Sn...[CR]

NOTE:  N must be in the range 0-29.  If N is omitted, then N=0 is assumed.


T: Tone Dial
T	Tone Dial

The T command causes the modem to use DTMF (tone) dialing for all subsequent numbers.

Syntax:  AT...T[CR]


V: Verbose Response
V	Verbose Response

The V command controls the display of result codes.

Syntax: AT...Vn...[CR]

n	Usage

0,NULL	Result codes are returned as digits.

1	Result codes are returned as text messages.


X: Extended Results
X	Extended Results

The X command enables the call progress tone detection capabilities and affects the associated result codes.

Syntax: AT...Xn...[CR]

n	Usage

0,NULL	Busy and dial tone detection are disabled.  Result codes 0-4 are enabled.

1	Busy and dial tone detection are disabled.  Result codes 0-4,  and line speed reporting via the "CONNECT xxxx" messages are enabled.

2	Busy detection is disabled; dial tone detection is enabled. Result codes 0-4, 6, and linespeed reporting via the "CONNECT xxxx" messages are enabled.

3	Busy detection is enabled; dial tone detection is disabled. Result codes 0-4, 7, and linespeed reporting via the "CONNECT xxxx" messages are enabled.

4	Busy and dial tone detection are enabled.  Result codes 0-4,  6-7, and linespeed reporting via the "CONNECT xxxx" messages are enabled.


Y: Space Disconnect
Y	Space Disconnect

The Y command controls the long-space disconnect capabilities of the modem. If enabled (Y1), when a continuous BREAK of at least 1.6 seconds is received, disconnect from line (go on-hook). When ATH0 command is received or DTR goes low, generate a 4-second BREAK before going on-hook.

Syntax: AT...Yn...[CR]

n	Usage

0,NULL	Disables the long-space disconnect feature.

1	Enables the long-space disconnect feature.


Z: Software Reset
Z	Software Reset

The Z command causes the modem to reload a stored profile.

Syntax: AT...Zn[CR]

n	Usage

0,NULL	Recall stored profile 0.

1	Recall stored profile 1.

2	Recall factory defaults  (See &F  )


comma: Wait
,	Wait

The comma (,) command causes the modem to wait for the time specified by the contents of register S8 in seconds before processing any more characters in the command buffer.

Syntax:  AT... , ...[CR]


equal: Set Registers
=	Set Register

The = command is used to set the value of the modem's internal registers S0-S28. Also see the S-Register Settings chapter and the ?command. The = command is usually coupled with the Sn command and is invoked as follows:

AT...S3=13...[CR]

If the = command is not coupled with the Sn command, then the previously selected register will be written.  Some registers cannot be written by the user.  An "ERROR" message will result for these registers.

Syntax:	AT...Sn=x...[CR]

AT...=x...[CR]

NOTE:  n is a number from 0-28, and x is a number from 0-255.


question: Query Register
?	Query Register

The ? command is used to read the value of the modem's internal registers S0-S28. Also see the S-Register Settings chapter and the = command.

AT...S0?...[CR]

If the ? command is not coupled with the Sn command, then the previously selected register will be read.

Syntax:	AT...Sn?[CR]

AT...?...[CR]

NOTE:  n is a number from 0-28.  The result is a number from 000-255.


&C: Carier Detect
&C	Carrier Detect

The &C command determines how the carrier detect signal is generated by the modem.  The carrier detect signal is present in the UART register, called the Modem Status Register.

Syntax:  AT...&CN...[CR]

n	Usage

0,NULL	The state of remote modem's carrier is ignored.  The carrier detect flag is always on.

1	The state of the remote modem's carrier is detected by the modem and reflected by the state of the carrier-detect status  bit in the Modem Status Register.


&D: DTR Options
&D	DTR Options

The &D command controls the modem's response to the Data Terminal Ready (DTR) control bit.

Syntax:   AT...&Dn...[CR]

n	Usage

0,NULL	Ignores DTR.

1	Return to command state when ON-to-OFF transition is detected on DTR.

2	Hang-up, disable auto-answer, and return to command state when ON-to-OFF transition is detected on DTR.

3	Perform a software reset when ON-to-OFF transition is detected on DTR. The modem is reset and the profile, as specified in &Y, is loaded.


&F: Factory Defaults
&F	Factory Defaults Command

This &F extended command tells the modem to load the factory defaults into the internal registers and control variables.

Syntax:  AT...&F....[CR]

NOTE:  The factory defaults are:

S-register settings:

S0=0  S2=43  S3=13  S4=10  S5=8  S6=2  S7=30 S8=2  S9=6  S10=14  S11=70  S12=50  S25=5  S28=0

These values are not mapped in the S regs. However, when an &F is executed, the following values will be set:

\A4  \K3  \L0  \N3  \Q0  \T0  %C1  %A0  %E2  "H3  "N1  "O32  &N0

The following control variable settings correspond to an S register listed above. When an &F is excuted, their effective value will be restored as follows:

B1  F1  P  Y0  &D2  &P0  &S0  C1  L2  Q0  X4   &G0  &Q0  E1  M1  V1  &C1  &M0  \V1  &U0


&G: Guard Tone
&G	Guard Tone

The &G extended command controls the guard tone selection for the V.22bis datapump.  The guard tones are generated during the handshaking process when the modem is in answer mode.

Syntax:  AT...&Gn...[CR]

n	Usage

0,NULL	Disables the V.22bis guard tones.

2	Enables the 1800hz V.22bis guard tone.


&L: Leased Line Mode
&L	Leased Line Mode

The Mwave Modem is designed to work only on the public switched telephone network (PSTN).  Support for leased line operation is not  provided.

Syntax:  AT...&Ln...[CR]

n	Usage

0,NULL	Selects switched-network line mode.


&M: Comm Mode
&M	Comm Mode

The &M extended command selects the communications mode.  For the  Mwave Modem, only &M0 (asynchronous) mode is supported.

Syntax:  AT...&Mn...[CR]

n	Usage

0,NULL	Selects asynchronous communications


&N: Force Speed
&N	Force Speed

The &N extended command selects the force speed mode. This command only applies to the V.32 and V.32bis modems. It is ignored by the V.22bis modem. This command will force the modem to only connect at the speed specified in the S28 register.

If &N1 is specified and S28 contains a non-zero value, then the modem will only connect at the speed specified by the S28 register.

If &N1 is specified and S28 contains zero (S28=0), then the modem will connect at the speed specified by the UART port speed which is generally set by the application program. If the port speed is set higher than the maximum supported line rate (for example, setting a port speed of 19,200bps while using the V.32bis modem which has a maximum line speed of 14400bps) then the modem will connect at the maximum supported line rate.

If &N0 is specified, the modem will connect at the maximum allowable rate as specified in the description of the S28 register. Please see S-Register Summary

Syntax:  AT...&Nn...[CR]

n	Usage

0,NULL	Support Maximum Allowable Rate

1	Force Rate


&P: Pulse Ratio
&P	Pulse Ratio

The &P command is present for compatibility purposes.  It does not change the make/break ratios.

Syntax:  AT...&Pn...[CR]

n	Usage

0,NULL	Returns "OK", but has no affect on timings.

1	Returns "OK", but has no affect on timings.


&Q: Comm Mode
&Q	Comm Mode

The &Q extended command selects the communications mode. For the Mwave Modem, only &Q0 (asynchronous) mode is supported.

Syntax:  AT...&Qn...[CR]

n	Usage

0,NULL	Selects asynchronous communications.


&S: DSR Options
&S	DSR Options

The &S extended command controls the operation of the DSR status bit.  The DSR status is found in the UART Modem Status Register.

Syntax:  AT...&Sn...[CR]

n	Usage

0,NULL	DSR is always ON while Mwave Modem is loaded.

1	DSR is turned on just after handshaking is completed and turned off when the hangup process is started.


&U: Enable Trellis Coding
&U	Enable Trellis Coding

The &U extended command enables or disables the trellis coded data scheme in the V.32 and V.32bis modems. It has no affect on other datapumps. If issued while in online command state, it does not take affect until the next connection is established.

Syntax:  AT...&Un...[CR]

n	Usage

0,NULL	Enable Trellis coding in V.32/V.32bis

1	Disable Trellis coding in V.32/V.32bis


&V: View Active Configuratio and User Profiles
&V	View Active Configuration and User Profiles

The &V extended command displays active and stored profiles, and stored telephone numbers. Inputs from the DTE are ignored while the view information is being sent to the DTE.

Syntax:  AT...&Vn...[CR]

NOTE:  The format of the data output is as follows:

ACTIVE PROFILE:

&Yn En Qn Vn \Vn P &Dn &Cn &Sn Yn Ln Mn Xn &G B &U \An \Kn \Ln \Nn \Qn \Tn %An %Cn %En "Hn "Nn "On

S0=nn S2=nn S3=nn S4=nn S5=nn S6=nn S7=nn S8=nn S9=nn S10=nn S11=nn S12=nn S25=nn S28=nn

STORED PROFILE 0:

En Qn Vn \Vn P &Dn &Cn &Sn Yn Ln Mn Xn &G B &U \An \Kn \Ln \Nn \Qn \Tn %An %Cn %En "Hn "Nn "On

S0=nn S2=nn S3=nn S4=nn S5=nn S6=nn S7=nn S8=nn S9=nn S10=nn S11=nn S12=nn S25=nn S28=nn

STORED PROFILE 1:

En Qn Vn \Vn P &Dn &Cn &Sn Yn Ln Mn Xn &G B &U \An \Kn \Ln \Nn \Qn \Tn %An %C %En "Hn "Nn "On

S0=nn S2=nn S3=nn S4=nn S5=nn S6=nn S7=nn S8=nn S9=nn S10=nn S11=nn S12=nn S25=nn S28=nn

TELEPHONE NUMBERS:

PHONE0=nn

PHONE1=nn

PHONE2=nn

PHONE3=nn


&W: Write Configuration
&W	Write Configuration

The &W extended command saves the active modem configuration.  The following registers are saved in nonvolatile storage: S0, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8, S9, S10, S11, S12, S14, S18, S21, S22, S23, S25, S27, S28.  In addition, the following command parameters are stored: \A, \K, \L, \N, \T, %A, %C "Hn "Nn "On. The initial value of each of these profiles is defined by the &F command.

Syntax:  AT...&Wn...[CR]

n	Usage

0,NULL	Store profile 0

1	Store profile 1


&Y: Select Stored Profile on Powerup Option
&Y	Select Stored Profile on Powerup Option

The &Y extended command determines which stored profile is established upon modem power up or hard reset.

Syntax:  AT...&Yn...[CR]

n	Usage

0,NULL	Select stored profile 0 on powerup.

1	Select stored profile 1 on powerup.

2	Select factory defaults on powerup.


&Z: Store Number
&Z	Store Number

The &Z extended command saves up to four separate phone numbers    (dial strings) to permanent storage.  The &Z command may be followed by the dial string (36 character max) or be of the form &Zn=dial string, where n is in the range 0-3. n is the identifier for the phone number to save. This command may not be followed by additional commands.

Syntax:	AT...&Z {dial modifiers}[CR]

AT...&ZN= {dial modifiers}[CR]

Dial Modifiers	Usage

0-9	Numeric dialing digits

A-D	Alpha dialing digits

# *	Special dialing digits

P	Pulse dial

R	Force answer mode

T	DTMF dial

W	Wait for dial tone

,	Wait for time specified in register S8

!	Perform hook flash

@	Wait for quiet answer

;	Return to command state after number is dialed


\A: MNP Block Size
\A	MNP** Block Size

The \A extended command sets the maximum MNP** stream mode block size to be used by the modem during an MNP** session.

Syntax:  AT...\An...[CR]

n	Usage

0,NULL	Negotiates for a maximum block size of 64 bytes and uses a  fixed block size of 64 bytes.

1	Negotiates for a maximum block size of 256 bytes, but uses a  fixed block size of 128 bytes.

2	Negotiates for a maximum block size of 256 bytes, but uses a  fixed block size of 192 bytes.

3	Negotiates for a maximum block size of 256 bytes and uses a  fixed block size of 256 bytes.

4	Negotiates for a maximum of 256 bytes, but uses variable size blocks during the MNP** session.


\B: Send Break
\B	Send Break

The \B extended command causes the modem to transmit a break signal.  This command is valid only in on-line command mode.

Syntax:  AT...\B...[CR]


\K: Break Control
\K	Break Control

This command controls the actions to be taken by the Mwave Modem upon reception of a break signal from either the DTE or remote modem.  The DTE may generate a break either through the UART hardware or by using the \B command.  Parameters 1-3 generate identical behavior for a non-ECL connection.  The default is \K3.

Syntax: AT...\Kn...[CR]

n	Usage

0,NULL	When a break is received from the DTE and the modem is online, the modem enters the escaped state and issues a non-destructive break to the remote modem.  When a break is  received from the remote modem, it is reported immediately and is nondestructive to any buffered data.

1	Breaks cause destruction of any buffered data, and they are reported immediately. The escaped state is not entered when  a break is received from the DTE.

2	Breaks are nondestructive, and the break is reported immediately. The escaped state is not entered when a break is received from the DTE.

3	Breaks are nondestructive, and the break is queued in sequence with any buffered data and is reported in turn. The  escaped state is not entered when a break is received from  the DTE.


\L: MNP Data Mode
\L	MNP** Data Mode

The \L extended command selects MNP** stream mode or block mode to be used by the modem during an MNP** session. The mode may not be changed once an MNP** is established.

Syntax: AT...\Ln...[CR]

n	Usage

0,NULL	Stream mode (variable size based on \A command)

1	Block mode (maximum block size)


\M: V.42 and MNP Negotiation Behavior
\N	V.42 and MNP** Negotiation Behavior

The \N extended command selects the MNP and V.42/V.42bis operational behavior. Whenever an Error Corrected Link (ECL) is established, the session will attempt to also get a compressed link if possible. A V.42bis compressed link will be attempted first. If that fails or if a "H0 has been issued, then an MNP5 compressed link will be attempted. If that fails or if a %C0 has been issued, a non-compressed link will be established.

Syntax: AT...\Nn...[CR]

n	Usage

0, 1, NULL	Both MNP** and V.42 are disabled.

2	Enables MNP**, and only an ECL connection is acceptable.  If  the MNP** negotiations fail or the auto fallback character is received, then hang up.

3	Enables MNP** and falls back to an non-ECL connection if  the MNP** negotiations fail or the auto fallback character is received.

4	Enables V.42 error correction, and only a V.42 ECL connection is acceptable. If the V.42 negotiations fail, then hang up.

5	Enables V.42 error correction, and falls back to a non-ECL connection if the V.42 negotiations fail.

6	Enables V.42 error correction, and falls back to an MNP connection if the V.42 negotiations fail. If MNP negotiations fail, then hang up.

7	Enables V.42 error correction, and falls back to an MNP connection if the V.42 negotiations fail. If the MNP negotiations fail or the auto fallback character is received, then fall back to an non-ECL connection.


\Q: Set DTE Flow Control
\Q	Set DTE Flow Control

The \Q command selects the flow control method that your Mwave modem provides to your DTE to prevent applications from losing data in the case that the application cannot extract data from the modem as fast as it is being transmitted by the remote end of the communications link

Note: CTS Flow control is not used in Mwave modems because it is not possible to overrun Mwave internal buffers. Applications can specify CTS hardware flow control, but the the modem will never drop CTS as internal receive overruns cannot happen in Mwave.

Syntax:  AT...\Qn...[CR]

n	Usage

0,NULL	Flow Control Disabled.

1	Returns ERROR

2	Returns ERROR

3	Use the RTS (Request to Send) signal for bidirectional hardware flow control. When the application turn RTS off, the modem stops transmitting data to the PC that the Mwave modem is contained in. When RTS is on, the Mwave modem resumes sending data.


\T: Set Timer
\T	Set Timer

The \T extended command controls the operation of the inactivity timer.

Syntax:  AT...\Tn...[CR]

n	Usage

0,NULL	The timer is disabled.

1-90	The timer is set to 1-90 minutes.


\V: MNP Result Codes
\V	MNP** Result codes

The \V extended command enables result codes of the form CONNECT xxxx/ECL.

Syntax: AT...\Vn...[CR]

n	Usage

0,NULL	Disables MNP** result codes

1	Enables MNP** result codes.


%A: Define AutoFallBack Character
%A	Define Auto Fallback Character

The %A extended command defines a character to be used to abort the MNP** negotiation process. The auto fallback character is a 7-bit character with no parity. The auto fallback character should not be set to the ASCII SYN character (decimal 22). This causes the MNP** negotiation to be aborted for valid MNP frames.  The default is %A0, which disables the auto fallback feature.

Syntax: AT...%An...[CR]

n	Usage

0-127	Defines the ASCII decimal code to be used as the auto fallback character by MNP**.


%C: MNP Compression Control
%C	MNP** Compression Control

The %C extended command controls the data compression to be negotiated for in MNP** class five.  This command may be issued at anytime, but will only take effect at the establishment of the next connection.

Syntax: AT...%Cn...[CR]

n	Usage

0,NULL	No data compression.

1	Data compression is enabled for MNP** class 5.


%E: Fast Rate Renegotiation Control
%E	Fast Rate Renegotiation Control

The %E command controls the modem's response to a change in line quality and to requests for retrain or fallback/fall forward by the other end. This command only affects V.32 and V.32bis. When %E2 is active, the modem monitors the line quality. When line quality is insufficient to sustain the current connect speed, the modem will initiate a rate renegotiation to a lower speed within the V.32bis/V.32 modulation speeds (4800, 7200, 9600, 12000 and 14400 bps). The modem will keep falling back as needed until the speed reaches 4800 bps. If the line quality deteriorates further while connected at 4800 bps, the modems will hangup the telephone line.

If the quality of the line increases, the modem will initiate a rate renegotiation to a higher speed if the modem currently has a V.32bis connection with the modem at the other end of the phone line. The rate renegotiation will be done without a retrain in this case.

The modem will not increase the line speed if the modem is connected via V.32 to the other end of the phone line. Fall forward via Fast Rate Renegotiation is not supported in the V.32 specification.

Syntax: AT...%En...[CR]

n	Usage

0,Null	Disable Auto-Retrain and Fast Rate Renegotiation.

1	Enable Auto-Retrain.

2	Enable Fast Rate Renegotiation and Auto-Retrain.


"H: V.42bis Compression Control
"H	V.42bis Compression Control

The "H extended command controls the data compression to be negotiated for with V.42bis. This command may be issued at anytime but will only take effect on the next connection.

Syntax: AT..."Hn...[CR]

n	Usage

0,NULL	V.42bis Disabled

1	V.42bis enabled for transmission only

2	V.42bis enabled for reception only

3	V.42bis enabled for both transmission and reception


"N: V.42bis Dictionary Size
"N	V.42bis Dictionary Size

The "N extended command controls the dictionary size to be negotiated for with V.42bis. This command may be issued at anytime, but will take effect only on the next connection.

Syntax: AT..."Nn...[CR]

n	Usage

0,NULL	512 Entries

1	1024 Entries

2	2048 Entries


"O: V.42bis Maximum String Length
"O	V.42bis Maximum String Length

The "O extended command controls the maximum string length to be negotiated for with V.42bis. This command may be issued at anytime, but will take effect only on the next connection.

Syntax: AT..."On...[CR]

n	Usage

32,NULL	32 character maximum string length

6..250	6 to 250 character maximum string length


S-Registers: Summary
S-Register Summary

In the S-Register definitions, bit 0 is the least significant bit; bit 7 is the most significant bit (Hayes and PC notation). In the Mwave DSP the bits are reversed, bit 0 is the most significant bit and bit 15 is the least significant bit.

S-Register Summary.  This table summarizes the internal S-registers, their default, range, units, and Usage.

S-Reg	Default	Range	Units	Description
S0	0	0-255	Number of rings	Ring answer.  S0 contains an integer representing the number of rings to allow before going off-hook (when in auto answer mode).  When S0 contains a non-zero value, the Modem DSP software is in auto answer mode.
S1	0	0-255	Number of rings	Ring Count.  S1 contains the ring count.
S2	43	0-255	ASCII Character	Escape Character.  S2 contains the ASCII code for the escape character.  If S2 contains a value greater than 127, then the escape sequence is disabled. The default 043 is the "+" character.
S3	13	0-127	ASCII Character	Carriage Return Character.  S3 contains the ASCII code for the carriage return.  The character contained in S3 is used for the command line terminator and for output line terminator.
S4	10	0-127	ASCII Character	Line Feed Character.  S4 contains the ASCII code for the line feed. The character contained in S4 is used for the output line terminator for text output (V1).
S5	8	0-32	ASCII Character	Backspace character.  S5 contains the ASCII code for the backspace character. The character contained in S5 is used for editing an input line and is echoed back to the DTE to overwrite a character.
S6	2	2-255	seconds	Blind dial wait time.  S6 contains the amount of time to wait (in seconds) after going off-hook, before dialing. This allows time for dial tone to be applied to the line.
S7	60	1-255	seconds	Carrier wait time.  S7 contains the amount of time to wait for a data carrier. If a carrier is detected, a "CONNECT" result is returned, otherwise a "NO CARRIER" result occurs.
S8	2	0-255	seconds	Comma wait time.  S8 contains the amount of time to wait for a comma command or dial modifier.
S9	6	1-255	1/10 seconds	Carrier recovery time.  S9 contains the amount of time to wait between a return of the carrier in the on-line state and the acceptance of the carrier.
S10	14	1-255	1/10 seconds	Lost carrier hang-up time. S10 contains the amount of time to wait between loss of the carrier and hang-up.
S11	95	50-255	milli-seconds	DTMF dialing speed.  S11 contains the duration (ms) and inter-digit delay for DTMF tone dialing.
S12	50	0-255	1/50 seconds	Escape code guard time.  S12 contains the guard time delay for recognition of the escape sequence.
S25	5	0-255	1/10 seconds	Delay to DTR.  S25 specifies the delay time threshold for which DTR must be active in order to be recognized. If DTR remains at a state for less than S25/100 seconds, it is ignored.
S28	0	0-14	n/a	Desired Line Speed Control Register.S28  contains the user's desired line connection speed.  The connection speed will be the maximum speed supported by both modems not exceeding the speed specified by this register. 00Use the UART divisor latch setting to determine the rate to attempt the connection with the remote modem. 01Request a 50 bps connection using Bell 103/V.21 protocol. 02Request a 75 bps connection using Bell 103/V.21 protocol. 03Request a 110 bps connection using Bell 103/V.21 protocol. 04Request a 134.5 bps connection using Bell 103/V.21 protocol. 05Request a 150 bps connection using Bell 103/V.21 protocol. 06Request a 300 bps connection using Bell 103/V.21 protocol. 07Reserved. 08Request a 1200 bps connection modem using V.22bis/Bell-212 protocol. 09Request a 2400 bps connection using V.22bis protocol. 10Request a 4800 bps connection using V.32/V.32bis protocol. 11Request a 7200 bps connection using V.32bis protocol. 12Request a 9600 bps connection using V.32/V.32bis protocol. 13Request a 12000 bps connection using V.32bis protocol. 14Request a 14400 bps connection using V.32bis protocol. Note: If the requested protocol is not loaded (V22,V32,V32bis), the connection will be made at or below the request speed.


Modem Messages and Codes
Modem: Messages and Codes

The results from executed AT commands and status from the Modem DSP software are reported to the host communications software as result codes and text messages. Reporting of the result codes is controlled by the Q command and the result code format is controlled by the V command.  The X command and the \V command control which result codes will be used. The following table summarizes the AT result codes and messages.

Result Code Summary.  This table summarizes the numeric and text result codes generated by the AT command set.

NUMERIC FORM	TEXT MESSAGE	EXPLANATION
0	OK	Acknowledges the execution of a command.
1	CONNECT	Indicates that a connection has been established with a remote modem at a speed of 0-300 bps.
2	RING	Indicates that an incoming call has been detected.
3	NO CARRIER	Indicates a failure to connect (handshaking state) or a loss of carrier (on-line state).
4	ERROR	Indicates an error condition in the command buffer being executed.Possible causes:    Invalid command    Command line too long (exceeds 40 characters)
5	CONNECT 1200	Indicates that a connection has been established with a remote modem at a speed of 1200 bps.
6	NO DIALTONE	Indicates that dial tone detection was attempted but not recognized.  Enabled by X2 and X4.
7	BUSY	Indicates that a busy signal was detected during the call establishment.  Enabled by X2 and X4.
8	NO ANSWER	Indicates that the required period of silencewas not detected during the "wait for quiet answer" timeout period specified by modem register S7.  This occurs when an @ dial modifier is used.
10	CONNECT 2400	Indicates that a connection has been established with a remote modem at a speed of 2400 bps.
15	HOST DRIVER TIMEOUT	Indicates that the PC is not responding to interrupts from the Mwave adapter.
19	CONNECT ECL	Indicates that a connection has been established with an error correcting link using MNP.
20	CONNECT ECLC	Indicates that a connection has been established with an error correcting link, with data compression, using MNP.
25	CONNECT 1200/ECL	Indicates that a connection has been established with an error correcting link using MNP at 1200 bits per second.
26	CONNECT 1200/ECLC	Indicates that a connection has been established with an error correcting link, with data compression,  using MNP at 1200 bits per second.
30	CONNECT 2400/ECL	Indicates that a connection has been established with an error correcting link using MNP at 2400 bits per second.
31	CONNECT 2400/ECLC	Indicates that a connection has been established with an error correcting link, with data compression, using MNP at 2400 bits per second.
33	CONNECT 4800	Indicates that a connection has been established with a remote modem at a speed of 4800 bps.
34	CONNECT 4800/ECL	Indicates that a connection has been established with an error correcting link using MNP at 4800 bits per second.
35	CONNECT 4800/ECLC	Indicates that a connection has been established with an error correcting link, with data compression, using MNP at 4800 bits per second.
37	CONNECT 7200	Indicates that a connection has been established with a remote modem at a speed of 7200 bps.
38	CONNECT 7200/ECL	Indicates that a connection has been established with an error correcting link using MNP at 7200 bits per second.
39	CONNECT 7200/ECLC	Indicates that a connection has been established with an error correcting link, with data compression, using MNP at 7200 bits per second.
41	CONNECT 9600	Indicates that a connection has been established with a remote modem at a speed of 9600 bps.
42	CONNECT 9600/ECL	Indicates that a connection has been established with an error correcting link using MNP at 9600 bits per second.
43	CONNECT 9600/ECLC	Indicates that a connection has been established with an error correcting link, with data compression, using MNP at 9600 bits per second.
45	CONNECT 12000	Indicates that a connection has been established with a remote modem at a speed of 12000 bps.
46	CONNECT 12000/ECL	Indicates that a connection has been established with an error correcting link using MNP at 12000 bits per second.
47	CONNECT 12000/ECLC	Indicates that a connection has been established with an error correcting link, with data compression, using MNP at 12000 bits per second.
49	CONNECT 14400	Indicates that a connection has been established with a remote modem at a speed of 14400 bps.
50	CONNECT 14400/ECL	Indicates that a connection has been established with an error correcting link using MNP at 14400 bits per second.
51	CONNECT 14400/ECLC	Indicates that a connection has been established with an error correcting link, with data compression, using MNP at 14400 bits per second.


Modem User Interface: Messages and Codes

Message Number	Message Text & Description

MWME0001	Mwave Modem Internal Error.

Record the information in the error dialog box and report it to the service contact listed in your installation manual.

MWME0002	The Mwave phone line is already in use.

Another Mwave Application is currently using the phone line.If the Mwave Modem ended prematurely (trapped etc.) this error might be encountered.  In this case, the user needs to restart the operating environment (Windows or OS/2) and try again.

MWME0003	The Mwave phone handset is already in use.

Another Mwave Application is currently using the phone handset.If the Mwave Modem ended prematurely (trapped etc.) this error might be encountered.  In this case, the user needs to restart the operating environment (Windows or OS/2) and try again.

MWME0004	The Mwave Communications port is already in use.

Another Mwave Application is currently using the comm port.If the Mwave Modem ended prematurely (trapped etc.) this error might be encountered.  In this case, the user needs to restart the operating environment (Windows or OS/2) and try again.

MWME0005	The Mwave DSP is overcommitted.

Stop an application and restart the modem. There are not enough resources available on the DSP to fulfill the request.  These resources include MIPS, Data Store, and Instruction Store.

MWME0006	The Mwave Modem cannot locate the needed DSP files.

In Windows:  Check the MWMWIN.INI file to make sure the paths to the .DSP files are correct.

MWME0007	The specified modem speed/protocol is not installed.

In order to start this modem speed, the user must purchase an upgrade.

MWME0008	The Mwave Manager is not loaded.

In OS/2 only...start the Mwave Manager Daemon, then try to start the modem again.

MWME0009	Selected Country Does Not Match the DAA Coupler.

The Mwave Modem has detected that the country specified in the "Country Selection" applet  does not match the DAA (external coupler) connecting your machine to the phone line. You must insure that the country selected in the applet matches the installed coupler.

MWMI0001	Mwave Modem Help is not available.

The Mwave Modem cannot find the MWMWIN.HLP help file.


Modem User Interface: Status Indicators

The Mwave modem main window contains the following status indicators: When the light is green, the indicator is "on". When the light is black, the indicator is "off".

MR (Modem Ready) 	Indicates that the Mwave modem is loaded and operational. This light should be on at all times after the modem is initialized.

DTR (Data Terminal Ready)	Usually indicates that a communications application is active.

SD (Send Data)	Indicates that the Mwave modem is transferring data from your computer to the remote system. When data is being transferred at fast data rates, this light may appear to be ON steadily.

RD (Receive Data)	Indicates that the Mwave modem is transferring data from the remote system to your computer. When data is being transferred at fast data rates, this light may appear to be ON steadily.

OH (Off Hook)	Indicates that the Mwave modem phone line is off-hook (in use).

CD (Carrier Detect)	When ON, the Mwave modem has detected a remote modem's carrier signal.

AA (Auto Answer)	Indicates that the Mwave modem is set up to automatically answer incoming calls.

HS (High Speed)	Indicates that the Mwave modem is set up to connect at a line speed greater than 2400 bps.

In addition to the status indicators, the modem user interface provides status about the state of the connection to the remote modem. The following states are indicated on the user interface:

Ready	No connection exists.

Dialing	A dial command has been issued, but a connection has not been completed.

Negotiating	The remote modem has answered and the modem are attempting to negotiate a connection.

Connect	The two modems have completed negotiation and a connection has successfully been achieved.

When the status is Connect, additional status about the connection is given. The values given are:

Speed	The line speed of the connection. Typically this is 14400, 9600, 2400, 1200 or 300 bits per second

Error Correction 	MNP, V.42 or blank (for an asynchronous connection)

Compression 	MNP 5, V.42bis or blank for no compression


Hints and Tips for Improved Performance

Blocks Received in Error with Zmodem File Transfer

Low Throughput When Transmitting or Receiving a File

MNP 5 Versus V.42bis Performance

MNP 4 Versus V.42 Performance

Tele-Gaming

Call Waiting

Seeing "Double"


Blocks Received in Error with Zmodem File Transfer

Normally with an error correcting protocol like MNP 4 or V.42, a user would expect that no frame would be received in error when using a file transfer protocol like Zmodem or Ymodem.  However, the modem can be delivering data to the PC so fast that it overruns buffers in the PC and makes it appear to Zmodem that a data block has been received in error.

You can solve the problem by getting a more efficient communications program or a faster PC.  You can also solve the problem by using hardware flow control. Set your application to use hardware flow control and then use the "AT\Q3" command to turn on hardware flow control in the modem. The advantage of hardware flow control is that it can compensate for slow or overloaded PCs and for inefficient applications and will guarantee no data is lost. The disadvantage is that you may receive data at a slower rate because the modem is forced to wait on the PC and the communications software.

If you use hardware flow control, insure that you set your PC communications program to use hardware flow control.


Low Throughput When Transmitting or Receiving a File

In your PC the UART (Universal Asyncronous Receiver Transmitter) is the piece of hardware that connects your PC to your modem. Communications software talks to an Windows 3.1 com driver that in turn talks to the UART hardware. Unfortunately, the standard com driver that comes with Windows 3.1 or before does not take advantage of the 16 byte deep 16550A UART FIFO. It only puts 2 bytes in the FIFO instead of 16.

You can purchase drivers for Windows that will fix this problem. Turbocom and Kingcom are two products which provide such drivers. If you are using Turbocom V2.0, you can improve performance even further by adding special commands into SYSTEM.INI file in the \WINDOWS directory. For Windows applications, adding the line COMnTxDepth=16 (where n is your COM port #) will improve performance even further. See Turbocom manual for more details.

A driver of this type is highly recommended for all operations at 14,400 bps (Also know as V.32bis) or higher.


MNP 5 Versus V.42bis Performance

If you are getting an MNP5 connection, and you are transferring already compressed files (such as "ZIP" files), you can improve performance by disabling MNP5 with the "AT%C0" command.  MNP5 will expand compressed files and will slow down throughput.  V.42bis will not slow down throughput for any kind of file transfer.

You can disable MNP 5 with the "AT%C0" command.


MNP 4 Versus V.42 Perforance
MNP 4 Versus V.42 Performance

Use MNP 4 instead of V.42 to improve throughput. The MNP4 protocol is 2% more efficient than the V.42 protocol. The advantage of V.42 over MNP is that is can do selective packet rejection. Mwave currently does not support selective packet rejection. Thus, for Mwave, MNP 4 is always a marginally better performer.


Tele Gaming
Tele-Gaming

If you are using your Mwave modem for telegaming, we recommend the init string: "AT&F\N0." Most telegames send tiny packets back and forth and expect a response from each packet. Using an error correcting protocol like MNP or V.42 can add latency in a telegaming scenario that will bring performance of the game down considerably. With async (non-error corrected links), latency is reduced significantly.


Call Waiting

Many local telephone companies offer a "Call Waiting" service that informs you when a call is coming in when you are already using the phone line. You normally hear a "beap" in the middle of a conversation.

This service can cause the modem to have low throughput, errors, and even to disconnect.  When using the modem, disable call waiting. Contact your local phone company to determine how to disable call waiting.  However, it is generally done on a "per call" basis by preceding your dialing digits with the digits "*70".  So, if you want to set up a dialing string that also disables call waiting, try "ATDT*70,,555-1212" where "555-1212" is the number of the remote computer you wish to connect with. The commas between "*70" and "555-1212" cause the dialer to pause a few  seconds to insure the line is ready for the rest of the dialing digits.


Seeing "Double"

If you see double of what you type, you need to change the setup of your communications program.  Turn "local echo" off or set it for "full duplex mode".  See the manual for your communications program for how to do this.